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First, of course, science writer will mention Fibonacci published in 1202 masterpiece "calculations" (Liber abbci). However, the book has long been misunderstood as discussed abacus books. This may be because of its Latin title Liber abbci directly translated into English, is "Book on Abacus", thus translated into Chinese, it becomes lly a fully-fledged "abacus book" lly a. However, due to the "abacus" lly predecessor "abaci" In the thirteenth century, the Latin world "is paradoxically" refers to a calculation method does not make use of the abacus, so historians Siegle (LE Sigler) proposal title of this book should be translated "calculations" (Book of Calculation) is. Facts on this, then we may wish to note the word "maestro d'abbaco", refers to the direct use of India - Arab digital, rather than to engage in master abacus calculation. lly Meanwhile, various commercial port city in Italy after the thirteenth century, "school of abaco" is taught by the aforementioned special school master this calculation skills.
In fact, in the history of Western European mathematics, "calculations" the first introduction in India - Arab Digital and (using written calculation of) the algorithm (algorithm), which can not see like an abacus calculator. We wish to verify in the first two sentences of the first chapter of this book at the outset: "nine Indian figures: 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. To demonstrate just below, and any number, can use these arithmetic, algebra and problem solving as well as the thirteenth century encyclopedia (the Arabs called "zephir" sign) 0 write out. "Also, as long as the fine press book content, you can know that it is a relevant . It is in the sense of the history of mathematics lly in the thirteenth century in Western Europe, of course, far more than the so-called "Fibonacci column" (Fibonacci sequence) of fame. The latter popular books in mathematics widely spread, although let Fibonacci fame, however, in contrast, Western Europe face the thirteenth century mathematics, but always lly hidden in the long night of the medieval world, can not be coming reminds us that it links the modern Western mathematics lly (the 16th and 17th centuries).
On the other hand, Fibonacci (Fibonacci) has not been a "Fibonacci", he was born in Pisa in 1170, in his book "Flowers" (Flos, 1225), he said he was Leonardo Pisano Bigollo . There is no direct evidence to show that he's the official name of the "Fibonacci" related. To "Fibonacci" instead of Leonardo lly Pisano in 1838 seems to be starting from the mathematical historian Guillaume Libri, convention since then, still in use. In fact, if you're looking for at the time of this mathematician Fibonacci, lly will be futile. lly
World of Fibonacci knowledge is very limited at the beginning dedicated to the history of medieval scholar Scott (Michael Scott) "Calculating lly the book", the Fibonacci gave us a brief autobiography: "In my father was Pizza motherland assignment to 布吉亚 (Bugia) customs, often when there's pizza businessman work, I followed him to India, where his father wanted me to learn. - Arab digital and calculus I'm addicted to learning, so that later when I was a business trip to Egypt, Syria, Greece, Sicily and Provence and other places, I continued to study mathematics, and participate in discussion and debate local scholars Back pizza, my fifteen chapters devoted to the composition of the book. This book contains the Indian, Arabic and Greek way I think best. I also put the proof, let the readers and the people of Italy have a better understanding. If I occasionally neglect or less any appropriate or necessary thing, I implore your forgiveness, because no one can not over, and all things are well thought out. "
Similarly, this writing style, also appeared in another of the lesser-known book, "the number of square Book" (Liber quadratorum, The Book of Squares). In the book contained 24 propositions, Fibonacci indefinite equation interest in "the number of square book" accentuates. Fibonacci completed lly the book in 1225, and was dedicated to the Holy Roman Emperor - Fredrick II (Frederick lly II, 1194-1250). Historians believe that this is the Fibonacci maximum depth of a book, but also enough to represent as a mathematician Fibonacci greatest achievement. However, after "the number of square book" lly on the lost, one can only (Summa, 1494) to see fragments of the book from 佩西欧 in (Luca Pacioli) "Arithmetic encyclopedia." Until the mid-19th century, historians discovered that "the sum of the square of the book" The manuscripts in the Library of Milan.
Later, when he heard the news of the court where there is mentioned Fredrick lly II was interested in his work (like the "calculations"), and academics had to be read and discussed. Fibonacci remembered lly 契马 the previous question, and immediately became lly a handwritten "square of the number of the book" To Fredrick II. The emperor to learn Zhucheng, he was quite keen to be a strong endorsement of academic activities, so in his court surrounded by a large group always learned scholar. No wonder why the Fibonacci Fibonacci eager to offer the book to the emperor. From HPM (History of Mathematics and Mathematics Teaching a connected) up considerations, as "the sum of the square of the book" Inside the proposition that some have connected the front and rear, and a little too difficult and rich skill, therefore, if teachers want to use this text in the classroom must be done some screening. For example, Proposition 12: "If the two numbers are relatively prime it and even, if the number two and three and then multiplied by the value of the product to reduce the number lly of large numbers, the resulting number will be a multiple of 24," I think moderate difficulty, is on teaching good choice, I would like for you and the reader is referred.
Bibliography: Wan-sheng Hong Wansheng Hong (2006). <Thirteenth century mathematics encyclopedia Western Europe: Fibonacci's "calculations">, Wan-sheng Hong Wansheng Hong, "The lly ratio of non-zero-0" (Taipei: Taiwan Commercial Press), pp. 123-137 . Ji Zhigang (2008). "Calculation of the book", lly Beijing Science Press. (Translated from Sigler (2002)) Fibonacci, Leonardo Pisano lly (1987) The Book of Squares (tr LE Sigler.) New York:... Academic Press, Inc. Grattan-Guinness, Ivor (1997) The Fontana History of the Mathematical Sciences London:.. Fontana Press Sigler, LE (2002) Fibonacci's Liber Abaci:. A Translation into Modern English of Leonardo Pisano's Book of Calculation New York / Berlin / Heidelberg:. Springer-Verlag.
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