The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of cooling on the development of bovine zygotes. One-cell bovine embryos were maintained at 39 degrees C (control), 20 degrees C, 10 degrees C, or 0 degree C for 5, 10 , or 20 minutes, then cultured in vitro for 7 days and the proportion of embryos developing to the compact morula or blastocyst stage compared between different treatments. Duration of exposure time had no effect on development. Development rates to the compact morula or blastocyst stage were 3.9%, 11.4%, 17.4%, and 24.4% for zygotes maintained at 0 degree C, 10 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 39 degrees C, respectively, with differences in embryo yield between every treatment biogen (P <0.05). In a second experiment, bovine pronuclei (karyoplasts) and cytoplasts were cooled at 0 degree C or maintained biogen at 39 degrees C for 5 minutes Pronuclear transplantation was then utilized to create 4 types of reconstructed embryos, those with:. 1) non-cooled pronuclei biogen and non-cooled cytoplasm, 2) non-cooled biogen pronuclei and cooled cytoplasm, 3) cooled pronuclei and non-cooled cytoplasm, and 4) cooled pronuclei and cooled cytoplasm. The proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst biogen stage was highest when non-cooled pronuclei were transferred into non-cooled cytoplasm (18.9%), and similar to that of non-cooled, non-manipulated control zygotes (13.2%, P> 0.05). No embryos developed to the blastocyst stage when pronuclei (cooled or non-cooled ) were transferred into cooled cytoplasm. However, zygotes with cooled pronuclei transferred into non-cooled cytoplasm yielded 4.5% blastocysts (P <0.05). More embryos developed to the compact morula or blastocyst stage when non-cooled vs. cooled cytoplasm was utilized, regardless of whether the pronuclei were cooled (P <0.05). These data demonstrate that pronuclei are more tolerant to low temperature exposure than is ovum cytoplasm.
2011 (192) 07 (39) 08 (31) 09 (30) 10 (31) 11 (30) 12 (31) 2012 (343) 01 (31) 02 (29) 03 (31) 04 (15) 05 (41) 06 (28) 07 (20) 08 (30) 09 (28) 10 (29) 11 (30) 12 (31) 2013 (330) 01 (30) 02 (28) 03 (33) 04 (30) 05 (31) 06 (30) 07 (32) 08 (31) 09 (28) 10 (23) 11 (20) 12 (14) 2014 (46) 04 (17) 05 (8) 06 (8) 07 (12) to support the cultivation of embryos for low-obvious benefit is still full easy to hurt the temperature drops controversial cytoplasmic organelles mesodermal cells more likely to have an adverse biogen effect of long-term placement for the higher tolerance of the external environment on embryo culture medium sex azoospermia check for IVF embryo implantation pregnancy rates did not significantly affect the reduction capsule Embryo freezing chamber volume may improve pregnancy rates thawed Embryo loading methods compare Honey & Vit E helps sperm grown blastocyst stage embryo implantation may reduce premature luteinizing biogen adverse effects after COH, endometrial PR performance increase, ER performance P4 too easily lead to decreased pregnancy rate has dropped 08 (1)
0.25 M sucrose mixing sperm into sperm after vitrification 0.5ml new method (1) 02 (1) 1mg) + hCG (1000iu) than the simple use of GnRH (0.2ml biogen (1) 1mg) for breaking the egg pregnancy rate was higher biogen ( 1) 2-cell mouse embryos biogen compared with 8-cell mouse embryos vulnerable freezing process of (1) over 2003 polycystic ovaries (PCO) diagnostic criteria (1) 2PN embryo cytoplasm halo-like shape - better quality embryos (1 ) 2 embryo morphology and can not effectively assess the blastocyst embryo development rate (1) 3 (1) 3PN (2) 3 indicators (first polar body (1) 4-cell embryo containing a small amount of debris (4-B) is better than 2-cell embryos contain fragments of (2A) (1) 40-80% Percoll separation efficiency can not have XY sperm (1) 4mm or more egg follicles basis granulosa cells secrete biogen only AMH (1) 4PN) (1) 5 Embryo freezing efficiency comparison (a) seven days can be frozen biogen and then thawed blastocyst implantation (1) abortion (5) AIDS infection leads to decreased semen quality (1) AIH (20) albumin (1) AMH (13) AMH early follicular The growth and influence speak louder than FSH (1) AMH level and related to the number of eggs, and the pregnancy rate is no absolute correlation (1) androgen (1) androgen concentrations (1) aneuploidy (1) Anti-Mullerian hormone (anti-Muslim biogen venturi hormone) associated with the induction of ovulation (1) antioxidant (1) antral follicle (4) Aspirin or Heparin for the treatment of habitual abortion of limited effect (1) assisted hatching (2) azoospermia (2) azoospermia azoospermia (1) basal body temperature) (1) Birefringence polarizing microscope (1) blastocyst (12) blastomere biogen (1) BMI (1) cAMP (1) cell volume (1) chemotherapy (1) cleavage-stage embryo (1) clomid (4) co- incubation of gametes (1) COH (38) COH poor response in patients with GnRH agonist results slightly better than the GnRH antagonist (1) complete hatching embryo implantation biogen seems to be more favorable than the partial hatching (1) CoQ10 (1) corifollitropin with rFSH in IVF the same pregnancy rates (1) corpus luteum (1) crinone biogen (1) Crinone progesterone injections up higher than the rate of pregnancy (1) Method using cryoloop frozen (1) cryoloop frozen blastocyst implantation pregnancy rate of about 37% (a ) cryopreservation (6) Cryotech (1) Cryotip than Cryotop more effectively to save mice mesodermal cells (1) culture (3) culture media (1) cytokine (1) cytoplasmic inclusions) Estimated ICSI success rate (1) D & C (1) D7-11 beat Shi Shi playing FSH FSH ratio D2-6 can get a higher pregnancy rates (1) Day 1 (1) Day 2 embryo transfer (1) Day 3 embryos were cultured to the blastocyst biopsy after freezing and thawing and then implanted with fresh embryo slice cultures pregnancy rates implants of similar (1) Day-2 embryos biogen rank the most important indicators as follows: (a) the number of mesodermal; (2) mesodermal size consistency; biogen (3) mesodermal single nucleus (1) Day1 (3 ) no fetal production status after Day2-3 blastocyst stage embryo implantation and pregnancy significantly different (1) Day2 of four-cell embryos (1) Day2 embryos (1) Day2 with 5 embryo implantation pregnancy outcomes did not differ (1) Day3 (2) Day3 thawed frozen biogen embryo implantation and pregnancy rates similar to fresh embryos (1) Day3 frozen embryo implantation and pregnancy rates were similar freshly thawed after implantation (1) Day5 frozen embryo transplant similar pregnancy rates after thawing (1) deceased donor (1) denuding (1) DHEA (1) DHEA replacement therapy (1) donor (1) Dual trigger (1) E Coli (1) E2 (5) E2 / ratio of number of eggs (1) E2 concentrations can not be predicted with the implantation of endometrial thickness and pregnancy rates of association biogen (1) ectopic (1) Elonva (5) Traditional ovulation and pregnancy rates Elonva needles of the same (1) embryo (6) embryo grade (1) embryo biogen kinetics ( 1) Embryo loading (1) embryo transfer (3) embryonic stem cell
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