Chronic fatigue virus | miggawki
Chronic fatigue syndrome (chronic fatigue syndrome, CFS) is a controversial diagnosis. Emphasis is it when you ruled out other causes prolonged fatigue and several other symptoms. Some doctors believe that CFS is psychological. Others are more reticent and say only that the cause is unknown, sometimes adding that probably what is now diagnosed as CFS, is actually ncbi several different diseases with different causes. Among the possible causes include infections, problems with back to health after illness, and more. But there will be further difficulties with the diagnosis. Will be one of the virus suspected of links with CFS - XMRV, the repetition of the results and retrakcjach. I traditionally would tl; dr.
It has long been looking for a connection between CFS and infection. Different viruses have been suspected, ncbi among others. EBV or HTLV. Two years ago, the list of candidates appeared XMRV - a virus similar to murine leukemia virus, MLV, a little earlier described for the first time as occurring in samples from certain prostate cancers (1, 2).
Judy Mikovits and her team work published in Science (3), wherein the DNA described the discovery ncbi of the virus XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus) in 68 of 101 patients diagnosed with CSF (ie at 67%). Of the 218 healthy individuals the virus could be detected only in 8 (3.7%). Of course, these results could not immediately be sure that XMRV causes CFS. Firstly, it had to be independently repeated. Secondly, if XMRV sequences ncbi were detected only in some patients, it might well be that patients with CFS are more susceptible to this infection, or that the CFS is diagnosed a few different things.
But above all, the result must be repeated. Thus soon began a rash of publications in various parts of the world, which the authors sought XMRV in patients with CFS. And what? And nothing, nada, niente. What item is no virus. In China, nothing, nothing in Germany, in the UK, nothing, nothing in the Netherlands, Japan, nothing. According to other groups in the U.S. and e nothing. The only work that repeated result was published by the same group under the leadership ncbi of Mikovits. So no independent confirmation.
Some cite that as proof of the truth made with the support of the FDA work of the team Altera (4), which the authors claim to have found in samples from patients with CFS viral sequences similar ncbi to murine leukemia virus, but the authors themselves point out that it was not XMRV. And that began to appear more and more articles ncbi which suggest that these viruses are similar to sequences of murine ncbi leukemia virus, including XMRV, only to laboratory contamination. Some of them can be found in Retrovirology (eg four works + przeglądówka editorial in its issue of December 2010).
Let's start with the work that came out of the team Ili Singh (5). This is a group that explores the potential relationship XMRV with prostate cancer, so it is difficult to accuse them of it, they want to prove that XMRV is derived from laboratory reagents. Singh work begins earlier publications describe ncbi the imperfections ncbi which do not reveal the presence ncbi of XMRV CFS patients - small control population, the non-application of experimenters blind, etc. In this work, the samples were from 200 healthy volunteers and patients with CFS 105 (100 patients meet both Canadian and proposed by the CDC diagnostic criteria). In addition, analyzed blood samples from 14 patients who participated in the first study and by Mikovits repeatedly in their blood were detected XMRV. There are four different methods for detection of viral sequences based on PCR, and it was examined whether the samples are anti-XMRV. In addition, an attempt to grow viruses in cell cultures using the method proposed by Mikovits as the most sensitive ncbi method for detecting the presence of XMRV (in the latter way przebadno only part of the samples - 31 from patients and 34 from the control and the samples were randomly selected). In addition, during the experiments the experimenters did not know which samples belong to the patient, and that the healthy volunteers.
And what? And nothing. Singh syndrome virus was not sensitive methods using qPCR, also found no viral proteins or bred virus in cell cultures. XMRV was neither in healthy volunteers, or in new patients, or even in the samples from 14 individuals with the group by Mikovits ncbi virus could be detected.
But after applying the same set of reagents and PCR protocol, which described the syndrome Altera ncbi (the one who found sequences related to XMRV), ncbi a group of Singh noted that in 5% of the samples appears in a product. These were similar to XMRV sequences, as well as in Altera. After testing back and forth all reagents Singh group found that polymerase was contaminated with mouse genomic DNA. A mouse genomic DNA (genomic DNA and other spinal
Chronic fatigue syndrome (chronic fatigue syndrome, CFS) is a controversial diagnosis. Emphasis is it when you ruled out other causes prolonged fatigue and several other symptoms. Some doctors believe that CFS is psychological. Others are more reticent and say only that the cause is unknown, sometimes adding that probably what is now diagnosed as CFS, is actually ncbi several different diseases with different causes. Among the possible causes include infections, problems with back to health after illness, and more. But there will be further difficulties with the diagnosis. Will be one of the virus suspected of links with CFS - XMRV, the repetition of the results and retrakcjach. I traditionally would tl; dr.
It has long been looking for a connection between CFS and infection. Different viruses have been suspected, ncbi among others. EBV or HTLV. Two years ago, the list of candidates appeared XMRV - a virus similar to murine leukemia virus, MLV, a little earlier described for the first time as occurring in samples from certain prostate cancers (1, 2).
Judy Mikovits and her team work published in Science (3), wherein the DNA described the discovery ncbi of the virus XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus) in 68 of 101 patients diagnosed with CSF (ie at 67%). Of the 218 healthy individuals the virus could be detected only in 8 (3.7%). Of course, these results could not immediately be sure that XMRV causes CFS. Firstly, it had to be independently repeated. Secondly, if XMRV sequences ncbi were detected only in some patients, it might well be that patients with CFS are more susceptible to this infection, or that the CFS is diagnosed a few different things.
But above all, the result must be repeated. Thus soon began a rash of publications in various parts of the world, which the authors sought XMRV in patients with CFS. And what? And nothing, nada, niente. What item is no virus. In China, nothing, nothing in Germany, in the UK, nothing, nothing in the Netherlands, Japan, nothing. According to other groups in the U.S. and e nothing. The only work that repeated result was published by the same group under the leadership ncbi of Mikovits. So no independent confirmation.
Some cite that as proof of the truth made with the support of the FDA work of the team Altera (4), which the authors claim to have found in samples from patients with CFS viral sequences similar ncbi to murine leukemia virus, but the authors themselves point out that it was not XMRV. And that began to appear more and more articles ncbi which suggest that these viruses are similar to sequences of murine ncbi leukemia virus, including XMRV, only to laboratory contamination. Some of them can be found in Retrovirology (eg four works + przeglądówka editorial in its issue of December 2010).
Let's start with the work that came out of the team Ili Singh (5). This is a group that explores the potential relationship XMRV with prostate cancer, so it is difficult to accuse them of it, they want to prove that XMRV is derived from laboratory reagents. Singh work begins earlier publications describe ncbi the imperfections ncbi which do not reveal the presence ncbi of XMRV CFS patients - small control population, the non-application of experimenters blind, etc. In this work, the samples were from 200 healthy volunteers and patients with CFS 105 (100 patients meet both Canadian and proposed by the CDC diagnostic criteria). In addition, analyzed blood samples from 14 patients who participated in the first study and by Mikovits repeatedly in their blood were detected XMRV. There are four different methods for detection of viral sequences based on PCR, and it was examined whether the samples are anti-XMRV. In addition, an attempt to grow viruses in cell cultures using the method proposed by Mikovits as the most sensitive ncbi method for detecting the presence of XMRV (in the latter way przebadno only part of the samples - 31 from patients and 34 from the control and the samples were randomly selected). In addition, during the experiments the experimenters did not know which samples belong to the patient, and that the healthy volunteers.
And what? And nothing. Singh syndrome virus was not sensitive methods using qPCR, also found no viral proteins or bred virus in cell cultures. XMRV was neither in healthy volunteers, or in new patients, or even in the samples from 14 individuals with the group by Mikovits ncbi virus could be detected.
But after applying the same set of reagents and PCR protocol, which described the syndrome Altera ncbi (the one who found sequences related to XMRV), ncbi a group of Singh noted that in 5% of the samples appears in a product. These were similar to XMRV sequences, as well as in Altera. After testing back and forth all reagents Singh group found that polymerase was contaminated with mouse genomic DNA. A mouse genomic DNA (genomic DNA and other spinal
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